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Michel Suleiman
Emile Lahoud
Elias Hrawi
Rene Moawad
Amine Gemayel
Elias Sarkis
Suleiman Franjieh
Charles Helou
Fouad Chehab
Camille Chamoun
Bechara Khouri
Petro Trad
Ayyoub Tabet
Alfred Naccash
Emile Edde
Habib Basah El-Saad
Charles Dabbas

 

Prominent Lebanese | President Amine Gemayel


President Amine Gemayel

gemayel_amine.jpg (8743 bytes)Place and Date of Birth: Gemayel, the eight president of the Lebanese Republic, was born in Bikfaya, Lebanon, on January 22, 1942, into a Christian Maronite family.  He is the son of Sheikh Pierre Gemayel, founder of the Phalange (Kataeb) Party in 1936, and Genvieve Gemayel, and the brother of Bashir, who was elected President on August 23, 1982, and assassinated three weeks later on September 14,1982.

Marital Status: Married in December 1967 to Miss Joyce Tiyan, with three children: Nicole, Pierre (MP) and Sami.

Career in Brief
Gemayel graduated from Saint-Joseph University in 1966 with a law degree, and started practicing as attorney at law. In 1970 at the age of 28, he was elected to the Lebanese parliament, and became thus the youngest member. On September 21,1982, he was elected President of the Lebanese Republic by 77 votes out of 80. His term of office ended in September 1988, ( Six years as per the Lebanese Constitution ). He then joined the Center for International Affairs at Harvard University as fellow and lecturer (1988-1989). He was also affiliated with the University of Maryland as a distinguished visiting professor. From 1990 to July 2000, he resided in Paris as a self-exiled leader of the opposition, and lectured extensively on Lebanon and the Middle East in various countries worldwide. Since July 2000, he lives and pursues his political agenda in Lebanon.

Challenges
Unlike his brother Bashir, Amin was never active in the Phalangist militia, and not directly involved in the Lebanese Civil War. Amin was considered as a moderate, and at his accession many Muslims hoped that he represented an end to the dominance o Phalange Party extremists. The problems Amin had to face were grave: Two foreign armies occupied large parts of the country (hence these areas were out of his jurisdiction), and there was extensive violence all over. In the north, pro- and anti-Syrian groups fought each other, and in the Israeli-dominated Chouf area, Phalangists and Druze faced each other. Even in the government-controlled areas in central Lebanon, many militia groups were fighting each other. A central dilemma to his politics was the need of meeting the demands from the Muslims, without destroying the support from his own Christians. Balancing the interests towards Syria was another challenge, as, while he was steered to power by them, he lost their support after two years.

Career Highlights
1- Dissolved in 1982 the Arab Deterrent Force, which legitimized Syrian military presence in Lebanon,
2- Addressed  in September 1983 a letter to Syrian President Hafez El Assad requesting the withdrawal of Syrian forces from Lebanon.
3- Annulled in 1987 the 1969 Cairo Agreement, which legitimized the Palestinian military presence in Lebanon, and allowed the PLO to train, bear arms, and use Lebanon as a staging base to attack Israel.
4- Called upon the Israeli government to implement UN Security Council Resolutions 425 and 426.
5- Opposed the Tripartite Accord, which aimed at consolidating Syria's influence in Lebanon.
6- Under his command, the Lebanese government headed by Chafic Wazzan notified, on September 9, 1983, the United States and the governments of Europe that the Syrians and the Palestinians were the major forces participating in the onslaught on the Lebanese mountain with the intent of bringing down the legal government of Lebanon.
7-Rectified in 1983 the May 17 Accord.
8- Sent the Army in February 1984 against Shiite strongholds in West Beirut, but failed to bring them under government control. Instead, the Lebanese army started to split on sectarian lines.
9- Prevented constitutional void by appointing on September 22, 1988, an interim military cabinet headed by General Michel Aoun to ensure constitutional continuity until a new president was elected

Cultural and Social Reaching
In 1976, Amine Gemayel created the INMA Foundation, a non-profit organization, which brings together a number of institutions dealing with social, political, and economic issues concerning Lebanon and the Middle East. One of these is Beit-al-Mustakbal, (House of the future), which is a combination of think-tank and research center, publishing a quarterly journal in three languages called, Haleeyat (Panorama of Events), was the first computerized research institute in the Middle East and North Africa. He also published in 1977 the "Panorama de L'actualite" quarterly magazine dealing with Lebanese and Middle Eastern Affairs, and, in 1980, the "Reveil" French daily newspaper.

Publications:
1- Peace and Unity (Colin and Smythe, 1986).
2- L'Offence et le Pardon (Gallimard, 1988) - reflections on the events in Lebanon.
3- Mediation d'espoir (J.C. Lattes, 1990) - a collection of lectures delivered in the United States in 1989.
4- Le Liban: Construire L’avenir (Hachette, 1992) .
5- Rebuilding Lebanon's Future, (Harvard University,C.F.I.A, 1992).

Contact Information: Bikfaya Residence, Tel: 04-980000. Beirut address: Sin El-Fil, Horsh Tabet, Amir Bashir Street, Amin Gemayel Building, Near Hayek Hospital, Tel: 01-510550.

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